And to add insult to injury, I've just tried the "Create new playlist" trick by creating a new playlist and then deleting the original one. Not only did the newly created playlist in Rhytmbox not get written to the iPod, but the old playlist that I was originally trying to edit was deleted from the iPod. So it seems RB has no problem deleting stuff off it - just not adding or editing new stuff.
And to add insult to injury, I've just tried the "Create new playlist" trick by creating a new playlist and then deleting the original one. Not only did the newly created playlist in Rhytmbox not get written to the iPod, but the old playlist that I was originally trying to edit was deleted from the iPod. So it seems RB has no problem deleting stuff off it - just not adding or editing new stuff.