Comment 51 for bug 1285444

Same on me. Ubuntu 16.04 with latest updates at 20 September 2016.
In .xsession-errors:
openConnection: connect: No such file or directory
cannot connect to brltty at :0

Tried many workaround from this urls:
http://askubuntu.com/questions/17381/unity-doesnt-load-no-launcher-no-dash-appears
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/1212987

No one is helped. Helped Fullbuffer's suggestion with moving .cache folder. Everything fine now.

By deleting from one to one folders in .cache I found that compizconfig-1 subfolder causing the problems. You does not need to delete entire cache, only this one.

For devs for further investigation of problem I attaching archive with my .cache/compizconfig-1 folder.