It seems that your random data just happens to look like an Atari partition table to the kernel. Parted and ( it would seem ) blkid do not support this format so they don't recognize any partitions, but the kernel does, and so gives you partitions.
It seems that your random data just happens to look like an Atari partition table to the kernel. Parted and ( it would seem ) blkid do not support this format so they don't recognize any partitions, but the kernel does, and so gives you partitions.