Comment 7 for bug 1764555

It will need all the dev libs I assume.
Maybe just this:
 $ sudo apt build-dep qemu

Also the configure by default enables "too much", from the last build for static that is in Ubuntu:

../configure --with-pkgversion="Debian 1:2.11+dfsg-1ubuntu6" --extra-cflags="-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/<<BUILDDIR>>/qemu-2.11+dfsg=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -DCONFIG_QEMU_DATAPATH='\"/usr/share/qemu:/usr/share/seabios:/usr/lib/ipxe/qemu\"' -DVENDOR_UBUNTU" --extra-ldflags="-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,--as-needed" --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --libexecdir=/usr/lib/qemu --localstatedir=/var --disable-blobs --disable-strip --interp-prefix=/etc/qemu-binfmt/%M --localstatedir=/var
 --static --disable-system
 --target-list="i386-linux-user x86_64-linux-user alpha-linux-user aarch64-linux-user arm-linux-user armeb-linux-user cris-linux-user hppa-linux-user m68k-linux-user microblaze-linux-user microblazeel-linux-user mips-linux-user mipsel-linux-user mips64-linux-user mips64el-linux-user mipsn32-linux-user mipsn32el-linux-user nios2-linux-user or1k-linux-user ppc-linux-user ppc64-linux-user ppc64abi32-linux-user ppc64le-linux-user sh4-linux-user sh4eb-linux-user sparc-linux-user sparc64-linux-user sparc32plus-linux-user s390x-linux-user tilegx-linux-user"

Obviously you can strip targets and dirs for your case, so maybe the following after having the full build deps?

../configure --extra-cflags="-g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -DCONFIG_QEMU_DATAPATH='\"/usr/share/qemu:/usr/share/seabios:/usr/lib/ipxe/qemu\"' --extra-ldflags="-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,--as-needed" --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --libexecdir=/usr/lib/qemu --localstatedir=/var --disable-blobs --disable-strip --interp-prefix=/etc/qemu-binfmt/%M --localstatedir=/var
 --static --disable-system
 --target-list="aarch64-linux-user arm-linux-user armeb-linux-user"

Feel free to look through [1] for more.

On the retry to build on my side - I used depth=1
Here from my history file:
  304 sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ev3dev/tools
  305 sudo apt install pbuilder-ev3dev git
  306 apt install pbuilder-ev3dev git
  307 git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/ev3dev/opencv
  308 cd opencv/
  309 OS=debian ARCH=armhf DIST=stretch pbuilder-ev3dev base
  310 echo $?
  311 OS=debian ARCH=armhf DIST=stretch pbuilder-ev3dev dev-build

Anyway, if we can get new qemu working for you that would be even better.

[1]: https://launchpadlibrarian.net/364030369/buildlog_ubuntu-bionic-amd64.qemu_1%3A2.11+dfsg-1ubuntu6_BUILDING.txt.gz