Comment 2 for bug 362343

You have misunderstood what "Resize partition" in this context means. It doesn't mean "resize this partition and use the free space for an Ubuntu installation"; it literally just means "resize this partition to the size I want", nothing more. You're in manual partitioning; it won't create partitions until you explicitly tell it to do so. The partition you asked to resize was already the maximum size it could be, according to the logs, so it isn't surprising that attempting to resize it to "max" did nothing useful.

I don't know why you got that strange error about /dev/sda5. Did you have any filesystems mounted?

The only things I think are bugs here are:
 * whatever's going on with /dev/sda5, maybe
 * the fact that partman bothered to try to resize the partition at all rather than just saying "it's already the size you asked for"