Comment 5 for bug 1983790

It looks like the cause is nvidia-cuda-dev's dependence on libnvidia-compute-495, a transitional package that depends on libnvidia-compute-510, rather than libnvidia-compute-515.

Other packages (all in the nvidia-cuda-toolkit source package) also depend on libnvidia-compute-495, and are transitive dependencies of nvidia-cuda-dev, so the solution would appear to be to either upgrade all dependencies and get rid of the transitive package, or to keep the transitional package but make it depend on libnvidia-compute-515 | libnvidia-compute-510.