Do you use some special hardware (such as a cache on SSD) ?
To discriminate "Linux does not write the data" from "Windows does not get the data", please try the following (on sda6, to avoid putting Windows at risk) :
1) Boot on Linux and create some file.
2) Reboot on Linux (without starting Windows in-between).
3) Still on Linux, check whether you can access the file created at step 1.
Note : your formatting parameters appear to be valid, though suboptimal on a 4K-sector disk.
Do you use some special hardware (such as a cache on SSD) ?
To discriminate "Linux does not write the data" from "Windows does not get the data", please try the following (on sda6, to avoid putting Windows at risk) :
1) Boot on Linux and create some file.
2) Reboot on Linux (without starting Windows in-between).
3) Still on Linux, check whether you can access the file created at step 1.
Note : your formatting parameters appear to be valid, though suboptimal on a 4K-sector disk.