Comment 3 for bug 1958641

By chance, when you reinstalled did you manually delete /etc/mysql/conf.d? (The installer might not be accounting for manual steps done when removing the old package.)

Also, at one point did you have mariadb installed? I notice a mention in your logs:

Start-Date: 2022-01-16 18:13:21
Commandline: apt install libmariadb-dev
Requested-By: jarjan (1000)

(mariadb is known to interfere with mysql since they have some files named the same way. To work around that it can be worth force purging mariadb before fresh-installing mysql, and vice versa.)