Further investigation indicates that this bug is indeed a duplicate of bug 1607535, although the error message is different (because the contacted mirror server is different, see bug 1655431).
The root cause for this bug (and several others) is in the program apt-helper from package apt, which handles the download of the fonts. It is explored in bug 1651923 (see also bug 1655431), which is being fixed for zesty, hopefully yakkety and xenial will follow.
Further investigation indicates that this bug is indeed a duplicate of bug 1607535, although the error message is different (because the contacted mirror server is different, see bug 1655431).
The root cause for this bug (and several others) is in the program apt-helper from package apt, which handles the download of the fonts. It is explored in bug 1651923 (see also bug 1655431), which is being fixed for zesty, hopefully yakkety and xenial will follow.