That particular error ("The HTTP server sent an invalid Content-Range header"), contrary to the previous one ("Protocol "http" not supported or disabled in libcurl"), has a different cause than apt-transport-https being v < 1.2.19. It is due to Sourceforge not answering correctly to a request for partial download on a redirect, when the file has already been partially downloaded (if I understand correctly). See bug 1651923, comments 45 47 50.
That Content-Range issue with partial downloads on Sourceforge was fixed in bug 1657567 a few days ago, but the fix might only land in the next release of Ubuntu, it might not be backported to the current releases.
From what I understand you can solve this issue by deleting the partial downloads in /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/, and trying again. But I'm not 100% sure. If not perhaps try sudo apt-get purge ttf-mscorefonts-installer?
That particular error ("The HTTP server sent an invalid Content-Range header"), contrary to the previous one ("Protocol "http" not supported or disabled in libcurl"), has a different cause than apt-transport-https being v < 1.2.19. It is due to Sourceforge not answering correctly to a request for partial download on a redirect, when the file has already been partially downloaded (if I understand correctly). See bug 1651923, comments 45 47 50.
That Content-Range issue with partial downloads on Sourceforge was fixed in bug 1657567 a few days ago, but the fix might only land in the next release of Ubuntu, it might not be backported to the current releases.
From what I understand you can solve this issue by deleting the partial downloads in /var/lib/ update- notifier/ package- data-downloads/ partial/ , and trying again. But I'm not 100% sure. If not perhaps try sudo apt-get purge ttf-mscorefonts -installer?