In 3.16.0-57-generic:
$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/lower/f1 bs=4096 count=550000
550000+0 records in
550000+0 records out
2252800000 bytes (2.3 GB) copied, 4.00938 s, 562 MB/s
$ sudo mount -t overlayfs overlayfs -olowerdir=/lower,upperdir=/upper /mnt/overlayfs
$ sudo chmod 666 /mnt/overlayfs/f1
chmod: changing permissions of ‘f1’: Value too large for defined data type
Rebooted into 3.16.0-58-generic:
$ sudo mount -t overlayfs overlayfs -olowerdir=/lower,upperdir=/upper /mnt/overlayfs
$ sudo chmod 666 /mnt/overlayfs/f1
$ echo $?
0
Test procedure:
In 3.16.0-57-generic: /lower, upperdir= /upper /mnt/overlayfs
$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/lower/f1 bs=4096 count=550000
550000+0 records in
550000+0 records out
2252800000 bytes (2.3 GB) copied, 4.00938 s, 562 MB/s
$ sudo mount -t overlayfs overlayfs -olowerdir=
$ sudo chmod 666 /mnt/overlayfs/f1
chmod: changing permissions of ‘f1’: Value too large for defined data type
Rebooted into 3.16.0-58-generic: /lower, upperdir= /upper /mnt/overlayfs
$ sudo mount -t overlayfs overlayfs -olowerdir=
$ sudo chmod 666 /mnt/overlayfs/f1
$ echo $?
0