I think if you install the alsa-ucm-conf - 1.2.2-1ubuntu0.1 and uninstall the workaround of retasking codec pin ([ 2.997562] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: Applying patch firmware 'hda-jack-retask.fw'), the microphone should work.
About the system hang or crash, maybe it has sth to do with graphic? Maybe could have a try with adding "nomodeset nvidia_drm.modeset=0" to the bootargs.
Please refer to https:/ /bugs.launchpad .net/ubuntu/ +source/ linux/+ bug/1874698 https:/ /bugs.launchpad .net/ubuntu/ +source/ linux/+ bug/1878479,
I think if you install the alsa-ucm-conf - 1.2.2-1ubuntu0.1 and uninstall the workaround of retasking codec pin ([ 2.997562] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: Applying patch firmware 'hda-jack- retask. fw'), the microphone should work.
About the system hang or crash, maybe it has sth to do with graphic? Maybe could have a try with adding "nomodeset nvidia_ drm.modeset= 0" to the bootargs.