Experienced same as OP. Used bootia32.efi to boot off USB. Was able to successfully install 20.04 so confirmed that recent versions will work/install on this device. Seems like a bug was introduced since that release.
Experienced same as OP. Used bootia32.efi to boot off USB. Was able to successfully install 20.04 so confirmed that recent versions will work/install on this device. Seems like a bug was introduced since that release.