Comment 34 for bug 1754294

Another solution for this problem is downloading sources for libcurl4 package (apt-get source libcurl4), modifying "control" file by adding "Provides: libcurl3 (= ${binary:Version})" to libcurl4 section and rebuilding the package. It may also be necessary to add the new version to "changelog", in my case apt couldn't install the new deb right.
After that, everything mostly works well, except some apps (like virtualbox-5.2), which complain like "version `CURL_OPENSSL_3' not found", but for virtualbox-5.2 it is solved by installing the package virtualbox.