Please add information about OS/platform and Inkscape version to the bug description, and attach a test case (Inkscape SVG file) with original and unioned paths, to allow further investigation.
Not reproduced based on the data available in the screenshot (the example on the right with the gray fill) - both Inkscape 0.48.5 and 0.91 (on OS X 10.7.5) produce the same (and AFAIK expected correct) result i.e. the union path operation respects the fill rule.
Please add information about OS/platform and Inkscape version to the bug description, and attach a test case (Inkscape SVG file) with original and unioned paths, to allow further investigation.
Not reproduced based on the data available in the screenshot (the example on the right with the gray fill) - both Inkscape 0.48.5 and 0.91 (on OS X 10.7.5) produce the same (and AFAIK expected correct) result i.e. the union path operation respects the fill rule.