I also get random disconnects on kernel 6.3.0-7-generic with a Samsung T7 Shield external SSD drive. Unfortunately it is hard to reproduce this error, it usually takes hours before it occurs the first time.

System:
  Kernel: 6.3.0-7-generic arch: x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: N/A Console: pty pts/10 Distro: Ubuntu
    23.10 (Mantic Minotaur)
Machine:
  Type: Server System: Supermicro product: C9Z390-PGW v: 0123456789 serial: <filter>
  Mobo: Supermicro model: C9Z390-PGW v: 1.01A serial: <filter> UEFI: American Megatrends v: 1.3
    date: 06/03/2020
CPU:
  Info: 8-core model: Intel Core i9-9900K bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Coffee Lake rev: D cache:
    L1: 512 KiB L2: 2 MiB L3: 16 MiB
  Speed (MHz): avg: 3687 high: 5002 min/max: 800/5000 cores: 1: 5002 2: 3600 3: 3600 4: 3600
    5: 3600 6: 3600 7: 3600 8: 3600 9: 3600 10: 3600 11: 3600 12: 3600 13: 3600 14: 3600 15: 3600
    16: 3600 bogomips: 115200
  Flags: avx avx2 ht lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx

/: Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/10p, 10000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
    |__ Port 4: Dev 10, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=uas, 10000M
        ID 04e8:61fb Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd

BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-6.3.0-7-generic root=UUID=2c8c7990-bb1d-47dc-a70c-0272867b1807 ro quiet splash intel_iommu=on iommu=pt pcie_aspm=off initcall_blacklist=sysfb_init rd.modules-load=vf
io-pci vfio_pci.ids=10de:1e07,10de:10f7,10de:1ad6,10de:1ad7,1462:3710 vt.handoff=7

[349280.239403] usb 2-4: USB disconnect, device number 9
[349280.239689] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: WARN Set TR Deq Ptr cmd failed due to incorrect slot or ep state.
[349280.239695] usb 2-4: cmd cmplt err -108
[349280.239702] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdh] tag#13 uas_zap_pending 0 uas-tag 1 inflight: CMD
[349280.239705] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdh] tag#13 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 d3 28 e4 00 00 00 00 d8 00 00
[349280.239724] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdh] tag#13 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[349280.239726] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdh] tag#13 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 d3 28 e4 00 00 00 00 d8 00 00
[349280.239728] I/O error, dev sdh, sector 3542672384 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 27 prio class 2
[349280.239741] device offline error, dev sdh, sector 3542674432 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 35 prio class 2
[349280.239747] device offline error, dev sdh, sector 3542672640 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 24 prio class 2
[349280.239750] device offline error, dev sdh, sector 3542677504 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 45 prio class 2
[349280.239753] device offline error, dev sdh, sector 3542680576 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 41 prio class 2
[349280.239788] device offline error, dev sdh, sector 3542663168 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 35 prio class 2
[349280.239793] device offline error, dev sdh, sector 3542663680 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 29 prio class 2
[349280.239799] device offline error, dev sdh, sector 3542663936 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x8800 phys_seg 26 prio class 2
[349280.299534] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdh] Synchronizing SCSI cache
[349280.523475] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdh] Synchronize Cache(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[349280.799817] usb 2-4: new SuperSpeed Plus Gen 2x1 USB device number 10 using xhci_hcd
[349280.820511] usb 2-4: New USB device found, idVendor=04e8, idProduct=61fb, bcdDevice= 1.00
[349280.820516] usb 2-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=1
[349280.820517] usb 2-4: Product: PSSD T7 Shield
[349280.820518] usb 2-4: Manufacturer: Samsung

[349280.830738] scsi host6: uas
[349280.831878] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access Samsung PSSD T7 Shield 0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[349280.833309] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0
[349280.833566] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] 7814037168 512-byte logical blocks: (4.00 TB/3.64 TiB)
[349280.833701] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
[349280.833702] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[349280.833884] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[349280.834061] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Preferred minimum I/O size 512 bytes
[349280.834063] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Optimal transfer size 33553920 bytes
[349280.868657] sdd: sdd1 sdd2 sdd3
[349280.868993] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI disk