I also have exactly same problem, but with a bit different HW.

Now it's USB DAC branded as "Qudelix-5K". As far as I understand it's USB1 device.

[  174.358189] usb 5-2.3.2.2.1.1: new full-speed USB device number 17 using xhci_hcd
[  174.475229] usb 5-2.3.2.2.1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0a12, idProduct=4025, bcdDevice=19.70
[  174.475232] usb 5-2.3.2.2.1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=8, SerialNumber=3
[  174.475233] usb 5-2.3.2.2.1.1: Product: Qudelix-5K USB DAC/MIC 48KHz
[  174.475234] usb 5-2.3.2.2.1.1: Manufacturer: QTIL
[  174.475235] usb 5-2.3.2.2.1.1: SerialNumber: ABCDEF0123456789

It produces corrupted sound (actually some noise) just after a few seconds of playback if connected to Dell WD19TB thunderbolt dock station. Issue happens with USB-A ports on dock plus one Type-C port (front). Second Type-C port (named as "Type-C with Thunderbolt 3 port" works.

When such noise happens I'm getting followed in dmesg:

xhci_hcd 0000:3a:00.0: ERROR Transfer event TRB DMA ptr not part of current TD ep_index 5 comp_code 1
xhci_hcd 0000:3a:00.0: Looking for event-dma 00000000ffe940f0 trb-start 00000000ffe94100 trb-end 00000000ffe94100 seg-start 00000000ffe94000 seg-end 00000000ffe94ff0
xhci_hcd 0000:3a:00.0: ERROR Transfer event TRB DMA ptr not part of current TD ep_index 5 comp_code 1
xhci_hcd 0000:3a:00.0: Looking for event-dma 00000000ffe949b0 trb-start 00000000ffe949c0 trb-end 00000000ffe949c0 seg-start 00000000ffe94000 seg-end 00000000ffe94ff0

I've tried to add/remove extra USB hubs (originally Qudelix was plugged to internal USB3 hub of monitor). But even if plugged directly to dock, it produces corrupted sound.

Another important thing: this dock has built-in Ethernet with r8153 chipset like mentioned above.

After reading comments here I've tried to disable soft retry using followed patch:

diff --git a/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c b/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c
index 1c9a7957c45c..07cbcf50160c 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c
@@ -189,10 +189,11 @@ static void xhci_pci_quirks(struct device *dev, struct xhci_hcd *xhci)
 
        if (pdev->vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL) {
                xhci->quirks |= XHCI_LPM_SUPPORT;
                xhci->quirks |= XHCI_INTEL_HOST;
                xhci->quirks |= XHCI_AVOID_BEI;
+               xhci->quirks |= XHCI_NO_SOFT_RETRY;
        }
        if (pdev->vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL &&
                        pdev->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_PANTHERPOINT_XHCI) {
                xhci->quirks |= XHCI_EP_LIMIT_QUIRK;
                xhci->limit_active_eps = 64;

And it completely fixed issue for me. DAC produces clear sound even if connected through chain of two hubs!


PS. 
lspci -k -nn | grep -B2 xhci 
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Comet Lake PCH-LP USB 3.1 xHCI Host Controller [8086:02ed]
        Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Comet Lake PCH-LP USB 3.1 xHCI Host Controller [103c:8724]
        Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
        Kernel modules: xhci_pci
--
37:00.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation JHL7540 Thunderbolt 3 USB Controller [Titan Ridge 4C 2018] [8086:15ec] (rev 06)
        Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company JHL7540 Thunderbolt 3 USB Controller [Titan Ridge 4C 2018] [103c:8723]
        Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
        Kernel modules: xhci_pci
--
3a:00.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation JHL7540 Thunderbolt 3 USB Controller [Titan Ridge DD 2018] [8086:15f0] (rev 06)
        Subsystem: Intel Corporation JHL7540 Thunderbolt 3 USB Controller [Titan Ridge DD 2018] [8086:0000]
        Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
        Kernel modules: xhci_pci

5.14.6 kernel

Hope that this will help to fix it