Desktop system installation error: unexplained target disk issue

[Elie Fayad]

- Original problem: I freshly installed Ubuntu on my Sony VAIO Fit 15A using the recommended settings. I didn't do a manual partition and during the installation process I did not select the option to install 3rd party software as it was causing the installer to crash. Then as soon as Ubuntu was successfully installed, I restarted the PC the following error popped up and then takes me to a BusyBox shell terminal:

""
Gave up waiting for root file system devices. Common problems:
     - Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline)
          - Check rootdelay=(did the system wait long enough?)
     - Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev)
ALERT! /dev/sda2 does not exist. Dropping to a shell!
""

I seeked help from a friend of mine and we tried the following to try and solve the issue:
  - checking the integrity of the ISO and burning it on different USB sticks to freshly reinstall Ubuntu leading to the same error
  - we tired reinstalling it by checking the option to install 3rd party drivers and the installation error occured again (check images: "installation_failure1" & "installation_failure2"). We then thought there was a disc error so we followed the steps: https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/disk-check.html.en to check for disc failure but the tools say it is working fine.

We did not have a good idea on how to proceed since we don't know what is the source of the problem and he recommended me to file a bug report of it.
Here is a copy of the logs in pastebin: https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/yBPDnKkh3q/

- Release: Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
- Expected: to install Ubuntu correctly and make it run
- What happened: installation failed

[Ubuntu Foundations Team Bug Bot (crichton)]

Thank you for taking the time to report this bug and helping to make Ubuntu better. It seems that your bug report is not filed about a specific source package though, rather it is just filed against Ubuntu in general. It is important that bug reports be filed about source packages so that people interested in the package can find the bugs about it. You can find some hints about determining what package your bug might be about at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bugs/FindRightPackage. You might also ask for help in the #ubuntu-bugs irc channel on Freenode.

To change the source package that this bug is filed about visit https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/1909124/+editstatus and add the package name in the text box next to the word Package.

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