Richard, You're confusing things. You can not execute .java files, that's source code. It must be compiled into byte code (.class files). Executable .jar archive will contain one or more .class files. For the purpose of this bug, the byte code can be thought of as machine code. There is no difference between a Python script or Perl script, or any other script file that can execute arbitrary commands, java byte code, or a binary executable: If the execute permission is not set, neither one of them is permitted to execute. Jan. On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 22:03, Richard Seguin