Assertion cause:

$  podman run --rm --cap-add=CAP_SYS_PTRACE -e MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD=bob -ti --user mysql  m106_jammy_debug  bash
mysql@0740c1895ab4:/$ gdb --args  mariadbd --bootstrap
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Reading symbols from mariadbd...
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/debug/.build-id/44/991764aba74dce2376ff38060a66adb6cfe4c0.debug...
(gdb) r
Starting program: /usr/sbin/mariadbd --bootstrap
warning: Error disabling address space randomization: Function not implemented
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
2022-04-28 22:59:13 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd (server 10.6.7-MariaDB-2ubuntu1) starting as process 14 ...
[New Thread 0x7f1b390b2640 (LWP 17)]
[New Thread 0x7f1b245c0640 (LWP 18)]
2022-04-28 22:59:13 0 [Note] InnoDB: The first data file './ibdata1' did not exist. A new tablespace will be created!
2022-04-28 22:59:13 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2022-04-28 22:59:13 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2022-04-28 22:59:13 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
2022-04-28 22:59:13 0 [Note] mariadbd: O_TMPFILE is not supported on /tmp (disabling future attempts)
2022-04-28 22:59:13 0 [Warning] mariadbd: io_uring_queue_init() failed with ENOSYS: try uprading the kernel

Thread 1 "mariadbd" received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
__pthread_kill_implementation (no_tid=0, signo=6, threadid=139754903728000) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:44
44	./nptl/pthread_kill.c: No such file or directory.
(gdb) bt
#0  __pthread_kill_implementation (no_tid=0, signo=6, threadid=139754903728000) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:44
#1  __pthread_kill_internal (signo=6, threadid=139754903728000) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:78
#2  __GI___pthread_kill (threadid=139754903728000, signo=signo@entry=6) at ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:89
#3  0x00007f1b38a42476 in __GI_raise (sig=sig@entry=6) at ../sysdeps/posix/raise.c:26
#4  0x00007f1b38a287f3 in __GI_abort () at ./stdlib/abort.c:79
#5  0x00005640ceb351dc in _Unwind_SetGR.cold ()
#6  0x00005640cf4218af in __gcc_personality_v0 ()
#7  0x00007f1b39743c64 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
#8  0x00007f1b39744321 in _Unwind_RaiseException () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
#9  0x00007f1b38eae54b in __cxa_throw () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
#10 0x00005640ceb232ed in (anonymous namespace)::aio_uring::aio_uring (this=<optimized out>, tpool=<optimized out>, max_aio=<optimized out>, this=<optimized out>, tpool=<optimized out>, 
    max_aio=<optimized out>) at ../tpool/./tpool/aio_liburing.cc:63
#11 0x00005640cf2e2043 in tpool::create_linux_aio (max_aio=2048, pool=0x5640d1625cf0) at ../tpool/./tpool/aio_liburing.cc:194
#12 tpool::thread_pool_generic::create_native_aio (this=0x5640d1625cf0, max_io=2048) at ../tpool/./tpool/tpool_generic.cc:285
#13 0x00005640ceaea297 in tpool::thread_pool::configure_aio (this=0x5640d1625cf0, use_native_aio=<optimized out>, max_io=max_io@entry=2048) at ../storage/innobase/./tpool/tpool.h:215
#14 0x00005640ceaf07d5 in os_aio_init () at ../storage/innobase/./storage/innobase/os/os0file.cc:3759
#15 0x00005640ceb037f8 in srv_start (create_new_db=<optimized out>) at ../storage/innobase/./storage/innobase/srv/srv0start.cc:1180
#16 0x00005640cf1815b9 in innodb_init (p=<optimized out>) at ../storage/innobase/./storage/innobase/handler/ha_innodb.cc:4275
#17 0x00005640ceef25f2 in ha_initialize_handlerton (plugin=0x5640d14d8b00) at ./sql/handler.cc:659
#18 0x00005640cecb5c7f in plugin_initialize (tmp_root=0x7ffdb8bea250, plugin=0x5640d14d8b00, argc=0x5640cfbe92e0 <remaining_argc>, argv=0x5640d14a1860, options_only=<optimized out>)
    at ./sql/sql_plugin.cc:1463
#19 0x00005640cecb9a84 in plugin_init (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>, flags=1) at ./sql/sql_plugin.cc:1756
#20 0x00005640ceb8cf5b in init_server_components () at ./sql/mysqld.cc:5046
#21 0x00005640ceb921fa in mysqld_main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) at ./sql/mysqld.cc:5661
#22 0x00007f1b38a29d90 in __libc_start_call_main (main=main@entry=0x5640ceb35240 <main(int, char**)>, argc=argc@entry=2, argv=argv@entry=0x7ffdb8becb68)
    at ../sysdeps/nptl/libc_start_call_main.h:58
#23 0x00007f1b38a29e40 in __libc_start_main_impl (main=0x5640ceb35240 <main(int, char**)>, argc=2, argv=0x7ffdb8becb68, init=<optimized out>, fini=<optimized out>, 
    rtld_fini=<optimized out>, stack_end=0x7ffdb8becb58) at ../csu/libc-start.c:392
#24 0x00005640ceb7cbe5 in _start ()


So it looks like an uncaught exception.

Testing with:

diff --git a/tpool/tpool_generic.cc b/tpool/tpool_generic.cc
index ecc489c3357..e098b3115b6 100644
--- a/tpool/tpool_generic.cc
+++ b/tpool/tpool_generic.cc
@@ -282,7 +282,14 @@ class thread_pool_generic : public thread_pool
 #ifdef _WIN32
     return create_win_aio(this, max_io);
 #elif defined(__linux__)
-    return create_linux_aio(this,max_io);
+    try
+    {
+      return create_linux_aio(this,max_io);
+    }
+    catch (std::runtime_error &e)
+    {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
 #else
     return nullptr;
 #endif


Upstream bug: https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/MDEV-28441