| 2022-06-22 04:14:20 |
Matthew Ruffell |
description |
I'm trying to use nbd on ubuntu 20.04 like so:
qemu-img create -f qcow2 foo.img 500M
sudo modprobe nbd
sudo qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd15 || true
sudo qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd15 --cache=writeback --format=qcow2 foo.img
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L root -O "^64bit" -E nodiscard /dev/nbd15
sudo qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd15
It seems to work on some systems, but even on those systems, strange things show up
in syslog, e.g.
Sep 19 15:46:02 thinky kernel: [27042.757768] block nbd15: Possible stuck request 00000000dd2d7f93: control (read@135168,126976B). Runtime 450 seconds
Sep 19 15:46:26 thinky kernel: [27067.333867] INFO: task systemd-udevd:17364 blocked for more than 241 seconds.
and in kern.log, e.g.
...
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676026] Buffer I/O error on dev nbd15, logical block 7, async page read
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676049] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev nbd15, sector 0 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676051] Buffer I/O error on dev nbd15, logical block 0, async page read
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676061] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev nbd15, sector 1 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676063] Buffer I/O error on dev nbd15, logical block 1, async page read
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676147] ldm_validate_partition_table(): Disk read failed.
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676324] Dev nbd15: unable to read RDB block 0
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.676473] nbd15: unable to read partition table
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.678340] nbd15: detected capacity change from 0 to 524288000
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.678536] ldm_validate_partition_table(): Disk read failed.
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.678719] Dev nbd15: unable to read RDB block 0
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.678947] nbd15: unable to read partition table
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.679985] ldm_validate_partition_table(): Disk read failed.
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.680172] Dev nbd15: unable to read RDB block 0
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.680366] nbd15: unable to read partition table
Sep 19 16:17:27 thinky kernel: [ 71.680647] block nbd15: Attempted send on invalid socket
and the system seems to hang on reboot.
Also, on another system (an up to date mac, running ubuntu 20.04 in virtualbox),
the mkfs.ext4 fails, complaining the device is zero size.
ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 20.04
Package: linux-image-5.4.0-47-generic 5.4.0-47.51
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 5.4.0-47.51-generic 5.4.55
Uname: Linux 5.4.0-47-generic x86_64
NonfreeKernelModules: zfs zunicode zavl icp zcommon znvpair nvidia_modeset nvidia
ApportVersion: 2.20.11-0ubuntu27.6
Architecture: amd64
AudioDevicesInUse:
USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
/dev/snd/controlC1: dank 2948 F.... pulseaudio
/dev/snd/controlC2: dank 2948 F.... pulseaudio
/dev/snd/controlC0: dank 2948 F.... pulseaudio
CasperMD5CheckResult: skip
CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
Date: Sat Sep 19 16:28:43 2020
HibernationDevice: RESUME=UUID=7aecd5d3-2f5b-4c07-8867-801e63868a0f
InstallationDate: Installed on 2017-04-29 (1239 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 17.04 "Zesty Zapus" - Release amd64 (20170412)
MachineType: LENOVO ThinkServer TS140
ProcEnviron:
TERM=xterm-256color
PATH=(custom, no user)
XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=<set>
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
SHELL=/bin/bash
ProcFB: 0 VESA VGA
ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-47-generic root=UUID=ff9a24e4-277d-4baf-819b-826a33d5bb5e ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7
RelatedPackageVersions:
linux-restricted-modules-5.4.0-47-generic N/A
linux-backports-modules-5.4.0-47-generic N/A
linux-firmware 1.187.2
RfKill:
SourcePackage: linux
UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to focal on 2020-05-01 (141 days ago)
dmi.bios.date: 09/19/2014
dmi.bios.vendor: LENOVO
dmi.bios.version: FBKT99AUS
dmi.board.name: ThinkServer TS140
dmi.board.vendor: LENOVO
dmi.board.version: Not Defined
dmi.chassis.type: 7
dmi.chassis.vendor: LENOVO
dmi.chassis.version: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
dmi.modalias: dmi:bvnLENOVO:bvrFBKT99AUS:bd09/19/2014:svnLENOVO:pnThinkServerTS140:pvr70A4000HUX:rvnLENOVO:rnThinkServerTS140:rvrNotDefined:cvnLENOVO:ct7:cvrToBeFilledByO.E.M.:
dmi.product.family: To be filled by O.E.M.
dmi.product.name: ThinkServer TS140
dmi.product.sku: LENOVO_PN_ThinkServer TS140
dmi.product.version: 70A4000HUX
dmi.sys.vendor: LENOVO |
BugLink: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1896350
[Impact]
After 2516ab1("nbd: only clear the queue on device teardown"), present in 4.12-rc1 onward, the ioctl NBD_CLEAR_SOCK can no longer clear requests currently being processed. This change was made to fix a race between using the NBD_CLEAR_SOCK ioctl to clear requests, and teardown of the device clearing requests. This worked for the most part, as several years ago systemd was not set up to watch nbd devices for changes in their state.
But after:
commit f82abfcda58168d9f667e2094d438763531d3fa6
From: Tony Asleson <tasleson@redhat.com>
Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2019 15:47:10 -0600
Subject: rules: watch metadata changes on nbd devices
Link: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/f82abfcda58168d9f667e2094d438763531d3fa6
in systemd v242-rc1, nbd* devices were added to a udev rule to watch those devices for changes with the inotify subsystem. From man udev:
> watch
> Watch the device node with inotify; when the node is closed after being
> opened for writing, a change uevent is synthesized.
>
> nowatch
> Disable the watching of a device node with inotify.
This changed the behaviour of device teardown, since systemd now keeps tabs on the device with inotify, outstanding requests cannot be cleared as nbd_xmit_timeout() will always return 'BLK_EH_RESET_TIMER', and requests get stuck, never to complete, because a disconnect has occurred, and never to timeout, as their timers keep being reset.
Symptoms of this issue is that the nbd subsystem gets stuck with messages like:
block nbd15: NBD_DISCONNECT
block nbd15: Send disconnect failed -32
...
block nbd15: Possible stuck request 000000007fcf62ba: control (read@523915264,24576B). Runtime 30 seconds
...
block nbd15: Possible stuck request 000000007fcf62ba: control (read@523915264,24576B). Runtime 150 seconds
...
INFO: task qemu-nbd:1267 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
Not tainted 5.15.0-23-generic #23-Ubuntu
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
task:qemu-nbd state:D stack: 0 pid: 1267 ppid: 1 flags:0x00000002
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__schedule+0x23d/0x590
? call_rcu+0xe/0x10
schedule+0x4e/0xb0
blk_mq_freeze_queue_wait+0x69/0xa0
? wait_woken+0x70/0x70
blk_mq_freeze_queue+0x1b/0x30
nbd_add_socket+0x76/0x1f0 [nbd]
__nbd_ioctl+0x18b/0x340 [nbd]
? security_capable+0x3d/0x60
nbd_ioctl+0x81/0xb0 [nbd]
blkdev_ioctl+0x12e/0x270
? __fget_files+0x86/0xc0
block_ioctl+0x46/0x50
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x91/0xc0
do_syscall_64+0x5c/0xc0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
</TASK>
Additionally, in syslog you will also see systemd-udevd get stuck:
systemd-udevd[419]: nbd15: Worker [2004] processing SEQNUM=5661 is taking a long time
$ ps aux
...
419 1194 root D 0.1 systemd-udevd -
We can workaround the issue by adding a higher priority udev rule to not watch nbd* devices.
$ cat << EOF >> /etc/udev/rules.d/97-nbd-device.rules
# Disable inotify watching of change events for NBD devices
ACTION=="add|change", KERNEL=="nbd*", OPTIONS:="nowatch"
EOF
$ sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
$ sudo udevadm trigger
[Fix]
The fix relies on infrastructure provided by the flag NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT, which was introduced in 5.16, and added to in 5.19. We need to backport all commits related to NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT to our kernels for the fix to be effective.
For Focal, Impish and Jammy:
commit 4e6eef5dc25b528e08ac5b5f64f6ca9d9987241d
Author: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Date: Thu Sep 16 17:33:44 2021 +0800
Subject: nbd: don't handle response without a corresponding request message
Link: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/4e6eef5dc25b528e08ac5b5f64f6ca9d9987241d
commit 07175cb1baf4c51051b1fbd391097e349f9a02a9
Author: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Date: Thu Sep 16 17:33:45 2021 +0800
Subject: nbd: make sure request completion won't concurrent
Link: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/07175cb1baf4c51051b1fbd391097e349f9a02a9
commit 2895f1831e911ca87d4efdf43e35eb72a0c7e66e
Author: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Date: Sat May 21 15:37:46 2022 +0800
Subject: nbd: don't clear 'NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT' flag if request is not completed
Link: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/2895f1831e911ca87d4efdf43e35eb72a0c7e66e
commit 09dadb5985023e27d4740ebd17e6fea4640110e5
Author: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Date: Sat May 21 15:37:47 2022 +0800
Subject: nbd: fix io hung while disconnecting device
Link: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/09dadb5985023e27d4740ebd17e6fea4640110e5
For Focal only (dependency commits):
commit 7b11eab041dacfeaaa6d27d9183b247a995bc16d
Author: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
Date: Fri May 29 07:51:59 2020 -0700
Subject: blk-mq: blk-mq: provide forced completion method
Link: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/7b11eab041dacfeaaa6d27d9183b247a995bc16d
commit 15f73f5b3e5958f2d169fe13c420eeeeae07bbf2
Author: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Date: Thu Jun 11 08:44:47 2020 +0200
Subject: blk-mq: move failure injection out of blk_mq_complete_request
Link: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/15f73f5b3e5958f2d169fe13c420eeeeae07bbf2
I want to talk about the backport of "blk-mq: move failure injection out of blk_mq_complete_request" for Focal, since it changes a number of drivers using the blk_mq_complete_request() call, and can be considered a large regression risk. Now, blk_should_fake_timeout() relies on CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT to be enabled, as well as QUEUE_FLAG_FAIL_IO being present in the blk subsystem. CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT is not enabled on Ubuntu kernels, and thus blk_should_fake_timeout() just returns false, and is more or less a nop on our kernels. Because of this, if (likely(!blk_should_fake_timeout(req->q))), is really just if(true), and I did think about simply backporting that to the nbd patch "nbd: don't clear 'NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT' flag if request is not completed" but after talking with Jay, we decided backporting the entire patch was the best way to proceed if any of our users wish to use CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT on a custom kernel build with the nbd subsystem.
Note: Bionic is also affected, but the backport list to the 4.15 kernel is unreasonable, and due to systemd in Bionic not having the udev rule set to watch nbd* devices by default, Bionic is not directly affected by the issue. Users would only see the problem if they add nbd* to the watch list in /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-block.rules, or if they had a privileged 20.04 or later LXC container running using the hosts nbd kernel module. Because of this Bionic will be Won't Fix.
[Testcase]
The issue can be easily reproduced with:
$ sudo apt install qemu-utils
$ cat << EOF >> reproducer.sh
#!/bin/bash
sudo modprobe nbd
while :
do
qemu-img create -f qcow2 foo.img 500M
sudo qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd15 || true
sudo qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd15 --cache=writeback --format=qcow2 foo.img
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L root -O "^64bit" -E nodiscard /dev/nbd15
sudo qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd15
done
EOF
$ chmod +x reproducer.sh
$ yes | ./reproducer.sh
On the Ubuntu kernels, you will see the nbd subsystem hang within 30 seconds or so, and the kernel log will be filled with stuck request messages and hung task timeouts after the 120 second mark.
Test kernels are available in the following ppa:
https://launchpad.net/~mruffell/+archive/ubuntu/sf333142-test
If you install these test kernels, and re-run the reproducer, your system will be perfectly stable for many hours with no issues.
I have torture tested the backport to the Focal kernel for more than 4 hours with no issues observed.
[Where problems can occur]
Due to needing to backport the infrastructure for NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT, this change to the NBD subsystem is quite large, and changes how requests are processed and accounted for, depending if they are still outstanding or not.
For Impish and Jammy, these risks are limited to the NBD subsystem itself.
On Focal, the risk of regression is slightly larger due to the backport of "blk-mq: move failure injection out of blk_mq_complete_request", but is somewhat mitigated by blk_should_fake_timeout() being a NOP due to CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT being disabled on the Focal kernel.
If a regression were to occur, users may see NBD requests fail, occur in the incorrect order, or cleared at incorrect times. There is no way to disable NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT during runtime, and users would need to revert to an older kernel while a fix is made.
[Other info]
My bug report to upstream can be found in the following mailing list thread:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2022/4/22/61
You may be wondering why we cannot simply just backport "nbd: fix io hung while disconnecting device" and resolve the issue with a 1 line change. I actually built test kernels for this scenario to see if it was possible, and they are available here:
https://launchpad.net/~mruffell/+archive/ubuntu/sf333142-test-single
While it did sort of fix the issue, that is, connect and disconnect from nbd devices lasted longer than the 30 seconds the kernels lasted previously, after about 10 minutes of torture testing, I started experiencing race conditions of requests completing multiple times, leading to the following use after frees:
Jammy 5.15 test kernel:
https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/FSM6DrgjTy/
Impish 5.13 test kernel:
https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/86tNfsM7Vs/
Focal 5.4 test kernel:
https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/zzVzWx23sb/
This was similar to a mailing list thread I found previously:
https://groups.google.com/g/syzkaller-bugs/c/jhvr3Yv_QH8/m/DgGG4xYFEQAJ
https://lore.kernel.org/all/000000000000d0df7f058f625d13@google.com/T/
Keith Busch identified this as a double completion of the same request, which is resolved through the NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT infrastructure.
Hence, we cannot just pull in the single line change, we need NBD_CMD_INFLIGHT infrastructure for a complete fix. |
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