Comment 15 for bug 1545441

The desired behaviour can be achieved by adding the following to the default boot options:

biosdevname=0 net.ifnames=0

vagrant@xenialvagranttest:~$ uname -ar
Linux xenialvagranttest 4.4.0-18-generic #34-Ubuntu SMP Wed Apr 6 14:01:02 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

vagrant@xenialvagranttest:~$ ifconfig eth
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1c:42:57:c7:7b
          inet addr:10.211.55.87 Bcast:10.211.55.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fe57:c77b/64 Scope:Global
          inet6 addr: fe80::21c:42ff:fe57:c77b/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
          RX packets:430 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:49716 (49.7 KB) TX bytes:46366 (46.3 KB)

(Based on xenial-server-amd64 daily 15-Apr-2016 07:01 / MD5: 5bc331a1aa7faaa330278bd31a1b101d)

preseed.cfg:
d-i debian-installer/add-kernel-opts string biosdevname=0 net.ifnames=0