I have very similar symptoms on Xenial, currently Linux 4.4.0-10-generic. 
Graphics hardware acceleration doesn't work after resume from suspend. 
Chrome window does not respond, is not redrawn. glxgears  and games do not launch. 

I have it on Dell Latitude E5520 with Intel HD Graphics 3000.

in dmesg I found a line:
[22663.178783] [drm:i915_hangcheck_elapsed [i915]] *ERROR* Hangcheck timer elapsed... blitter ring idle

And then this follows. It's repeated several times in the dmesg output.


[22684.565185] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[22684.565240] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 6031 at /build/linux-w3wMX6/linux-4.4.0/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_irq.c:1268 drm_wait_one_vblank+0x1b5/0x1c0 [drm]()
[22684.565244] vblank wait timed out on crtc 0
[22684.565247] Modules linked in: pci_stub vboxpci(OE) vboxnetadp(OE) vboxnetflt(OE) vboxdrv(OE) drbg ansi_cprng ctr ccm bnep dell_wmi sparse_keymap dell_rbtn dell_laptop dcdbas dell_smm_hwmon btusb btrtl btbcm btintel intel_rapl x86_pkg_temp_thermal uvcvideo intel_powerclamp coretemp kvm_intel videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops arc4 bluetooth kvm videobuf2_v4l2 videobuf2_core snd_hda_codec_hdmi irqbypass v4l2_common crct10dif_pclmul videodev crc32_pclmul media aesni_intel iwldvm aes_x86_64 lrw snd_hda_codec_idt gf128mul snd_hda_codec_generic glue_helper mac80211 ablk_helper cryptd snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec joydev snd_hda_core snd_hwdep input_leds iwlwifi serio_raw snd_pcm cfg80211 lpc_ich snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event snd_rawmidi snd_seq snd_seq_device 8250_fintek snd_timer mei_me snd mei dell_smo8800
[22684.565357]  mac_hid soundcore shpchp parport_pc ppdev lp parport autofs4 btrfs xor raid6_pq hid_generic usbhid hid i915 i2c_algo_bit drm_kms_helper syscopyarea tg3 psmouse sysfillrect sysimgblt ptp fb_sys_fops pps_core ahci firewire_ohci drm sdhci_pci libahci firewire_core sdhci crc_itu_t wmi fjes video
[22684.565413] CPU: 1 PID: 6031 Comm: Xorg Tainted: G        W  OE   4.4.0-10-generic #25-Ubuntu
[22684.565417] Hardware name: Dell Inc. Latitude E5520/03PH4G, BIOS A14 12/26/2013
[22684.565422]  0000000000000286 0000000059044e49 ffff880004547ad8 ffffffff813e1963
[22684.565429]  ffff880004547b20 ffffffffc00a8b00 ffff880004547b10 ffffffff8107fe12
[22684.565436]  ffff8801a64ad000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000000fc8ee
[22684.565442] Call Trace:
[22684.565454]  [<ffffffff813e1963>] dump_stack+0x63/0x90
[22684.565465]  [<ffffffff8107fe12>] warn_slowpath_common+0x82/0xc0
[22684.565471]  [<ffffffff8107feac>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x5c/0x80
[22684.565481]  [<ffffffff810c23e5>] ? finish_wait+0x55/0x70
[22684.565518]  [<ffffffffc00792a5>] drm_wait_one_vblank+0x1b5/0x1c0 [drm]
[22684.565528]  [<ffffffff810c2880>] ? wake_atomic_t_function+0x60/0x60
[22684.565606]  [<ffffffffc0241aea>] intel_atomic_commit+0x43a/0x6f0 [i915]
[22684.565650]  [<ffffffffc0092a37>] drm_atomic_commit+0x37/0x60 [drm]
[22684.565671]  [<ffffffffc01a2ec9>] drm_atomic_helper_disable_plane+0xa9/0xf0 [drm_kms_helper]
[22684.565707]  [<ffffffffc0081fc9>] __setplane_internal+0x169/0x250 [drm]
[22684.565745]  [<ffffffffc009125a>] ? drm_modeset_lock_all_ctx+0x9a/0xb0 [drm]
[22684.565781]  [<ffffffffc0085cc6>] drm_mode_setplane+0x136/0x1b0 [drm]
[22684.565811]  [<ffffffffc0077722>] drm_ioctl+0x152/0x540 [drm]
[22684.565843]  [<ffffffffc0085b90>] ? drm_plane_check_pixel_format+0x50/0x50 [drm]
[22684.565852]  [<ffffffff8121e18f>] do_vfs_ioctl+0x29f/0x490
[22684.565861]  [<ffffffff8120d061>] ? __sb_end_write+0x21/0x30
[22684.565867]  [<ffffffff8120ac7d>] ? vfs_write+0x15d/0x1a0
[22684.565873]  [<ffffffff8121e3f9>] SyS_ioctl+0x79/0x90
[22684.565882]  [<ffffffff8181b8b2>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x16/0x71
[22684.565887] ---[ end trace ce039ca08f598561 ]---
[22684.717145] ------------[ cut here ]------------