We can find some "evidence" of what I am saying here about the Latin Code page for MS-DOS. http://www.dosbox.com/wiki/KEYB Here follows a screenshot of the MS-DOS character set setup a.k.a. codepage). Note that in the keyboard code in Brazil is Empty... That is because on that time in history we did not have a keyboard. Only in the 90's that we standardized a Brazilian keyboard (ABNT2). You can also note that for EVERY Latin country the carachter set was code page 437 which in "modern" versions of MS-DOS (I believe since MS-DOS 5.0) was superseded by code page 850. The only thing that changes is the keyboard layout (for countries that had their own layouts) but the combination of symbols and letters to represent a new one such as ç was the same independent of the keyboard chosen. Since in Brazil we did not have a specific keyboard we used the US International (code 103) with the code page set to 850. Portugal had their own keyboard layout but if they were using the US international keyboard layout the behavior was the same as here in Brazil. ... Maybe this help... Regards Calvo On Fri, Apr 3, 2015, 09:44 Raphael Calvo