We can see the issue before, and the fix after upgrade as well as the upgrade itself.
=> Setting as verified

root@m:~# apt-cache policy dns-root-data bind9; systemctl restart named; sleep 5s; systemctl status named; apt install -y dns-root-data/$(lsb_release -cs)-proposed; apt-cache policy dns-root-data bind9; systemctl restart named; sleep 5s; systemctl status named;
dns-root-data:
  Installed: 2023010101
  Candidate: 2023010101
  Version table:
     2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1 100
        100 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic-proposed/main amd64 Packages
 *** 2023010101 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
bind9:
  Installed: 1:9.18.18-0ubuntu2
  Candidate: 1:9.18.18-0ubuntu2
  Version table:
 *** 1:9.18.18-0ubuntu2 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
● named.service - BIND Domain Name Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/named.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-02-05 10:17:39 UTC; 5s ago
       Docs: man:named(8)
   Main PID: 3360 (named)
     Status: "running"
      Tasks: 6 (limit: 38246)
     Memory: 5.9M
        CPU: 37ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/named.service
             └─3360 /usr/sbin/named -f -u bind

Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: all zones loaded
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: running
Feb 05 10:17:39 m systemd[1]: Started named.service - BIND Domain Name Server.
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: managed-keys-zone: Key 20326 for zone . is now trusted (acceptance timer complete)
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: resolver priming query complete: success
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: checkhints: b.root-servers.net/A (170.247.170.2) missing from hints
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: checkhints: b.root-servers.net/A (199.9.14.201) extra record in hints
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: checkhints: b.root-servers.net/AAAA (2801:1b8:10::b) missing from hints
Feb 05 10:17:39 m named[3360]: checkhints: b.root-servers.net/AAAA (2001:500:200::b) extra record in hints
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Selected version '2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1' (Ubuntu:23.10/mantic-proposed [all]) for 'dns-root-data'
The following packages will be upgraded:
  dns-root-data
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/4248 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
(Reading database ... 42541 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../dns-root-data_2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking dns-root-data (2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1) over (2023010101) ...
Setting up dns-root-data (2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1) ...
dns-root-data:
  Installed: 2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1
  Candidate: 2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1
  Version table:
 *** 2023112702~ubuntu0.23.10.1 100
        100 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic-proposed/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     2023010101 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic/main amd64 Packages
bind9:
  Installed: 1:9.18.18-0ubuntu2
  Candidate: 1:9.18.18-0ubuntu2
  Version table:
 *** 1:9.18.18-0ubuntu2 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
● named.service - BIND Domain Name Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/named.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-02-05 10:17:45 UTC; 5s ago
       Docs: man:named(8)
   Main PID: 3444 (named)
     Status: "running"
      Tasks: 6 (limit: 38246)
     Memory: 5.9M
        CPU: 36ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/named.service
             └─3444 /usr/sbin/named -f -u bind

Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: managed-keys-zone: loaded serial 3
Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: zone 127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1
Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1
Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 2
Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1
Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: all zones loaded
Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: running
Feb 05 10:17:45 m systemd[1]: Started named.service - BIND Domain Name Server.
Feb 05 10:17:45 m named[3444]: managed-keys-zone: Key 20326 for zone . is now trusted (acceptance timer complete)
Feb 05 10:17:46 m named[3444]: resolver priming query complete: success