I have tested this ussuri-proposed packages and it fixes the issue.

Setup a Nautilus cluster with the following versions:

# ceph versions
{                                                                                          
    "mon": {                             
        "ceph version 14.2.9 (581f22da52345dba46ee232b73b990f06029a2a0) nautilus (stable)": 1
    },                                                                                                                                                                                 
    "mgr": {
        "ceph version 14.2.9 (581f22da52345dba46ee232b73b990f06029a2a0) nautilus (stable)": 1                                                                                          
    },                                                                                                                                                                                 
    "osd": {
        "ceph version 14.2.9 (581f22da52345dba46ee232b73b990f06029a2a0) nautilus (stable)": 3                                                                                          
    },                                                                                                                                                                                 
    "mds": {},
    "overall": {                                                                                                                                                                       
        "ceph version 14.2.9 (581f22da52345dba46ee232b73b990f06029a2a0) nautilus (stable)": 5
    }                                                                                                                                                                                  
}             

# dpkg -l | grep -i ceph
ii  ceph                             14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        distributed storage and file system
ii  ceph-base                        14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        common ceph daemon libraries and management tools
ii  ceph-common                      14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        common utilities to mount and interact with a ceph storage cluster
ii  ceph-mgr                         14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        manager for the ceph distributed file system
ii  ceph-mon                         14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        monitor server for the ceph storage system
ii  ceph-osd                         14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        OSD server for the ceph storage system
ii  libcephfs2                       14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        Ceph distributed file system client library
ii  python3-ceph-argparse            14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        Python 3 utility libraries for Ceph CLI
ii  python3-cephfs                   14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        Python 3 libraries for the Ceph libcephfs library
ii  python3-rados                    14.2.9-0ubuntu0.19.10.1~cloud0              amd64        Python 3 libraries for the Ceph librados library

Then upgraded the cluster to:

# ceph versions
{
    "mon": {
        "ceph version 15.2.3 (d289bbdec69ed7c1f516e0a093594580a76b78d0) octopus (stable)": 1
    },
    "mgr": {
        "ceph version 15.2.3 (d289bbdec69ed7c1f516e0a093594580a76b78d0) octopus (stable)": 1
    },
    "osd": {
        "ceph version 15.2.3 (d289bbdec69ed7c1f516e0a093594580a76b78d0) octopus (stable)": 3
    },
    "mds": {},
    "overall": {
        "ceph version 15.2.3 (d289bbdec69ed7c1f516e0a093594580a76b78d0) octopus (stable)": 5
    }
}

# dpkg -l | grep -i ceph
ii  ceph                             15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        distributed storage and file system
ii  ceph-base                        15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        common ceph daemon libraries and management tools
ii  ceph-common                      15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        common utilities to mount and interact with a ceph storage cluster
ii  ceph-mds                         15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        metadata server for the ceph distributed file system
ii  ceph-mgr                         15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        manager for the ceph distributed file system
ii  ceph-mgr-modules-core            15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              all          ceph manager modules which are always enabled
ii  ceph-mon                         15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        monitor server for the ceph storage system
ii  ceph-osd                         15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        OSD server for the ceph storage system
ii  libcephfs2                       15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        Ceph distributed file system client library
ii  python3-ceph-argparse            15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        Python 3 utility libraries for Ceph CLI
ii  python3-ceph-common              15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              all          Python 3 utility libraries for Ceph
ii  python3-cephfs                   15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        Python 3 libraries for the Ceph libcephfs library
ii  python3-rados                    15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        Python 3 libraries for the Ceph librados library
ii  python3-rbd                      15.2.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.2~cloud0              amd64        Python 3 libraries for the Ceph librbd library


Then tested cluster as noted in the description (set `osd_inject_bad_map_crc_probability` to 1 on one OSD and then restart a different OSD). And observed no OSD crash happened and the cluster is OK.