Some more information on this:

Trying to mount a CD is sometimes possible via mount -t iso9660 /dev/dvd3 /mnt. Opening /mnt in Nautilus is possible afterwards, it gives a correct directory listing. Anyway, trying to copy the files via drag and drop in Gnome fails with the message:

/mnt/bin/chrome/overlayinfo/browser/content mit fstat(): Input/output error

dmesg gives after these operations:

[ 2133.277659] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2133.277669] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2133.277674] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2133.277680] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 64
[ 2133.277686] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 16
[ 2133.277692] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 17
[ 2133.296852] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2133.296859] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2133.296864] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2133.296869] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 64
[ 2133.296873] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 16
[ 2133.296878] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 17
[ 2133.362401] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2133.362411] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2133.362415] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2133.362422] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 116
[ 2133.362426] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 29
[ 2133.362431] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 30
[ 2133.362434] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 31
[ 2133.362437] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 32
[ 2133.362440] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 33
[ 2133.362444] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 34
[ 2253.948121] ISO 9660 Extensions: Microsoft Joliet Level 3
[ 2253.975508] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2253.975518] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2253.975523] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2253.975530] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 116
[ 2253.976047] ISOFS: unable to read i-node block
[ 2253.976054] ISOFS: changing to secondary root
[ 2267.000250] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.000262] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.000267] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.000273] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1868
[ 2267.000277] printk: 9 messages suppressed.
[ 2267.000281] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 467
[ 2267.000290] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 468
[ 2267.000293] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 469
[ 2267.000297] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 470
[ 2267.000301] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 471
[ 2267.000304] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 472
[ 2267.000307] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 473
[ 2267.035394] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.035404] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.035409] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.035415] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1868
[ 2267.035421] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 467
[ 2267.133999] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.134010] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.134015] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.134021] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 796
[ 2267.134550] ISOFS: unable to read i-node block
[ 2267.407164] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.407175] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.407179] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.407186] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1100
[ 2267.407192] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 275
[ 2267.407198] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 276
[ 2267.425843] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.425853] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.425858] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.425864] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1104
[ 2267.446335] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.446346] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.446351] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.446358] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1944
[ 2267.465668] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.465675] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.465678] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.465683] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1948
[ 2267.496149] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.496156] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.496159] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.496164] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1944
[ 2267.509557] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.509563] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.509567] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.509572] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 1948
[ 2267.623076] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2267.623086] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2267.623091] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2267.623098] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 852
[ 2267.624071] ISOFS: unable to read i-node block
[ 2278.480222] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2278.480232] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2278.480237] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2278.480243] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 984
[ 2278.481128] ISOFS: unable to read i-node block


After these tries a second mounting of the medium via mount isn't possible anymore.

Trying a second mount, dmesg gives just:

[ 2423.047065] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[ 2423.047075] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] 
[ 2423.047080] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Logical unit communication CRC error (Ultra-DMA/32)
[ 2423.047087] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 72
[ 2423.048010] isofs_fill_super: bread failed, dev=sr0, iso_blknum=18, block=18