Once you start Stellarium with fullscreen = false it starts okay for the first time, but the next time you start it in the same X session the UI is broken. Please see the screenshot.
To fix this one has to maximize the window or go to full screen. Then when you return to a not maximized window it is ok until the next start.
rumen@home-desktop:~$ stellarium
-------------------------------------------------------
[ This is Stellarium 0.15.0 - http://www.stellarium.org ]
[ Copyright (C) 2000-2016 Fabien Chereau et al. ]
-------------------------------------------------------
Writing log file to: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/log.txt"
File search paths:
0 . "/home/rumen/.stellarium"
1 . "/usr/share/stellarium"
Config file is: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/config.ini"
Detected: OpenGL "3.0"
Driver version string: "3.0 Mesa 11.2.0"
GL vendor is "Intel Open Source Technology Center"
GL renderer is "Mesa DRI Intel(R) Haswell "
GL Shading Language version is "1.30"
MESA Version Number detected: 11.2
Mesa version is fine, we should not see a graphics problem.
GLSL Version Number detected: 1.3
GLSL version is fine, we should not see a graphics problem.
Cache directory is: "/home/rumen/.cache/stellarium/stellarium"
Sky language is "en_US"
Application language is "en_US"
Loading Solar System data ...
Loading star data ...
"Loading \"/usr/share/stellarium/stars/default/stars_0_0v0_5.cat\": 0_0v0_2; 4963"
"Loading \"/usr/share/stellarium/stars/default/stars_1_0v0_5.cat\": 1_0v0_2; 21598"
"Loading \"/usr/share/stellarium/stars/default/stars_2_0v0_5.cat\": 2_0v0_2; 150090"
"Loading \"/usr/share/stellarium/stars/default/stars_3_1v0_3.cat\": 3_1v0_3; 428466"
"Loading \"/home/rumen/.stellarium/stars/default/stars_4_1v0_1.cat\": 4_1v0_3; 1702042"
"Loading \"/home/rumen/.stellarium/stars/default/stars_5_2v0_1.cat\": 5_2v0_1; 7083058"
"Loading \"/home/rumen/.stellarium/stars/default/stars_6_2v0_1.cat\": 6_2v0_1; 24670782"
Finished loading star catalogue data, max_geodesic_level: 6
navigation/preset_sky_time is a double - treating as jday: "2451514.25001"
Unable to find module called "ConstellationMgr"
Reloading DSO data...
Loaded 10756 DSO records
Loading DSO name data ...
Loaded 221 / 297 DSO name records successfully
Loading star names from "/usr/share/stellarium/skycultures/western/star_names.fab"
Loaded 339 / 339 common star names
Loading star names from "/usr/share/stellarium/stars/default/name.fab"
Loaded 4506 / 4506 scientific star names
Loading variable stars from "/usr/share/stellarium/stars/default/gcvs_hip_part.dat"
Loaded 6916 / 6916 variable stars
Loading cross-index data from "/usr/share/stellarium/stars/default/cross-index.dat"
Loaded 108279 / 108279 cross-index data records
Loaded 88 / 88 constellation records successfully for culture "western"
Loaded 85 / 85 constellation art records successfully for culture "western"
Loaded 88 / 88 constellation names
Loading constellation boundary data ...
Loaded 782 constellation boundary segments
Initializing basic GL shaders...
Creating GUI ...
Loaded plugin "AngleMeasure"
Loaded plugin "Exoplanets"
[Exoplanets] Version of the format of the catalog: 1
[Exoplanets] loading catalog file: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/modules/Exoplanets/exoplanets.json"
Loaded plugin "FOV"
Loaded plugin "MeteorShowers"
MeteorShowersMgr: Loading catalog file: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/modules/MeteorShowers/showers.json"
Loaded plugin "Novae"
Novae: version of the catalog: 1
Novae: loading catalog file: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/modules/Novae/novae.json"
Loaded plugin "Observability"
Loaded plugin "Oculars"
Ocular plugin - press Command-O to toggle eyepiece view mode. Press ALT-o for configuration.
Oculars::validateIniFile ocular.ini exists at: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/modules/Oculars/ocular.ini" . Checking version...
Oculars::validateIniFile found existing ini file version 3
Loaded plugin "PointerCoordinates"
Loaded plugin "Satellites"
Satellites: loading catalog file: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/modules/Satellites/satellites.json"
Loaded plugin "SolarSystemEditor"
Using the ssystem.ini file that already exists in the user directory...
Loaded plugin "TelescopeControl"
[TelescopeControl] Only embedded telescope servers are available.
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Meade AutoStar compatible" "Any telescope or telescope mount compatible with Meade's AutoStar controller." "TelescopeServerLx200" 500000
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Meade LX200 (compatible)" "Any telescope or telescope mount compatible with Meade LX200." "TelescopeServerLx200" 500000
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Meade ETX70 (#494 Autostar, #506 CCS)" "Meade's ETX70 with the #494 Autostar controller and the #506 Connector Cable Set." "TelescopeServerLx200" 1500000
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Losmandy G-11" "Losmandy's G-11 telescope mount." "TelescopeServerLx200" 500000
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Wildcard Innovations Argo Navis (Meade mode)" "Wildcard Innovations' Argo Navis DTC in Meade LX200 emulation mode." "TelescopeServerLx200" 500000
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Celestron NexStar (compatible)" "Any telescope or telescope mount compatible with Celestron NexStar." "TelescopeServerNexStar" 500000
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Sky-Watcher SynScan (version 3 or later)" "Any Sky-Watcher mount that uses version 3 or later of the SynScan hand controller." "TelescopeServerNexStar" 500000
[TelescopeControl] Adding device model: "Sky-Watcher SynScan AZ GOTO" "The Sky-Watcher SynScan AZ GOTO mount used in a number of telescope models." "TelescopeServerNexStar" 500000
[TelescopeControl] loadTelescopes(): No telescopes loaded. File is missing: "/home/rumen/.stellarium/modules/TelescopeControl/telescopes.json"
Unable to find module called "TimeZoneConfiguration"
Loaded plugin "TimeZoneConfiguration"
IP answer: "46.249.78.231,BG,Bulgaria,,,,,Europe/Sofia,42.70,23.33,0\r\n"
Unloaded plugin "TimeZoneConfiguration"
Unloaded plugin "TelescopeControl"
Unloaded plugin "SolarSystemEditor"
Unloaded plugin "Satellites"
Unloaded plugin "PointerCoordinates"
Unloaded plugin "Oculars"
Unloaded plugin "Observability"
Unloaded plugin "Novae"
Unloaded plugin "MeteorShowers"
Unloaded plugin "FOV"
Unloaded plugin "Exoplanets"
Unloaded plugin "AngleMeasure"
Downloaded 1 files (0 kbytes) in a session of 3.687 sec (average of 0 kB/s + 0 files from cache (0 kB)).
rumen@home-desktop:~$
I can confirm on Ubuntu 15.04 (jessie/sid) on an Intel NUC (OpenGL 3.0)
Driver version string: Mesa 10.5.9
GL vendor: Intel Open Source Technology Center
GL renderer: Mesa DRI Intel(R) HD Graphics 5500 (Broadwell GT2)
Any manual resize of the window will fix it. Programmatic resizes at program start don't appear to fix it. (Or I have not found the right place.)
Rumen, what OS version do you have? And do you run Unity desktop or some other?