In my binary function main has no line number information, so I used 
break main (It seems the same).

it looks like the proper dump now, as I observe
...
#3  0x00000000004b640b in boost::lexical_cast<long, std::string> ()
#4  0x00007f78543969b4 in libtorrent::detail::bdecode_recursive<char const*> ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
(gdb) break main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x479282
(gdb) run
Starting program: /home/archive/gitrepo/qbittorrent.git/qbittorrent/qbittorrent 
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
[New Thread 140154793432912 (LWP 25652)]
[Switching to Thread 140154793432912 (LWP 25652)]

Breakpoint 1, 0x0000000000479282 in main ()
(gdb) catch throw
Catchpoint 2 (throw)
(gdb) continue 
Continuing.
[New Thread 1086691648 (LWP 25655)]
[New Thread 1095084352 (LWP 25656)]
[New Thread 1103477056 (LWP 25661)]
[New Thread 1111869760 (LWP 25662)]
Catchpoint 2 (exception thrown)
0x00007f785265de30 in __cxa_throw () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
(gdb) bt full
#0  0x00007f785265de30 in __cxa_throw () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
No symbol table info available.
#1  0x00000000004b635a in boost::throw_exception<boost::bad_lexical_cast> ()
No symbol table info available.
#2  0x00000000004b63b5 in boost::detail::lexical_cast<long, std::string, false, char> ()
No symbol table info available.
#3  0x00000000004b640b in boost::lexical_cast<long, std::string> ()
No symbol table info available.
#4  0x00007f78543969b4 in libtorrent::detail::bdecode_recursive<char const*> ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#5  0x00007f7854396ce9 in libtorrent::bdecode<char const*> ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#6  0x00007f7854394ebe in libtorrent::http_tracker_connection::on_response ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#7  0x00007f7854395b2c in boost::_mfi::mf4<void, libtorrent::http_tracker_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, libtorrent::http_parser const&, char const*, int>::operator()<boost::intrusive_ptr<libtorrent::http_tracker_connection> > () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#8  0x00007f7854395b82 in boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf4<void, libtorrent::http_tracker_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, libtorrent::http_parser const&, char const*, int>, boost::_bi::list5<boost::_bi::value<boost::intrusive_ptr<libtorrent::http_tracker_connection> >, boost::arg<1>, boost::arg<2>, boost::arg<3>, boost::arg<4> > >::operator()<boost::system::error_code const, libtorrent::http_parser const, char const*, int, libtorrent::http_connection>
    () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#9  0x00007f7854395ba7 in boost::detail::function::void_function_obj_invoker5<boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf4<void, libtorrent::http_tracker_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, libtorrent::http_parser const&, char const*, int>, boost::_bi::list5<boost::_bi::value<boost::intrusive_ptr<libtorrent::http_tracker_connection> >, boost::arg<1>, boost::arg<2>, boost::arg<3>, boost::arg<4> > >, void, boost::system::error_code const&, libtorrent::http_parser const&, char const*, int, libtorrent::http_connection&>::invoke ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#10 0x00007f7854383024 in boost::function5<void, boost::system::error_code const&, libtorrent::http_parser const&, char const*, int, libtorrent::http_connection&>::operator() () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#11 0x00007f7854376b53 in libtorrent::http_connection::callback ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#12 0x00007f7854378adb in libtorrent::http_connection::on_read ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#13 0x00007f785437b5d4 in boost::_mfi::mf2<void, libtorrent::http_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, unsigned long>::operator()<boost::shared_ptr<libtorrent::http_connection> > () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#14 0x00007f785437d2eb in boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf2<void, libtorrent::http_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, unsigned long>, boost::_bi::list3<boost::_bi::value<boost::shared_ptr<libtorrent::http_connection> >, boost::arg<1>, boost::arg<2> > >::operator()<boost::system::error_code, unsigned long> () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#15 0x00007f785437d307 in boost::asio::asio_handler_invoke<boost::asio::detail::binder2<boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf2<void, libtorrent::http_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, unsigned long>, boost::_bi::list3<boost::_bi::value<boost::shared_ptr<libtorrent::http_connection> >, boost::arg<1>, boost::arg<2> > >, boost::system::error_code, unsigned long> > ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#16 0x00007f785437dbe8 in boost_asio_handler_invoke_helpers::invoke<boost::asio::detail::binder2<boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf2<void, libtorrent::htt---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---
p_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, unsigned long>, boost::_bi::list3<boost::_bi::value<boost::shared_ptr<libtorrent::http_connection> >, boost::arg<1>, boost::arg<2> > >, boost::system::error_code, unsigned long>, boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf2<void, libtorrent::http_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, unsigned long>, boost::_bi::list3<boost::_bi::value<boost::shared_ptr<libtorrent::http_connection> >, boost::arg<1>, boost::arg<2> > > > ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#17 0x00007f785438042e in boost::asio::detail::handler_queue::handler_wrapper<boost::asio::detail::binder2<boost::_bi::bind_t<void, boost::_mfi::mf2<void, libtorrent::http_connection, boost::system::error_code const&, unsigned long>, boost::_bi::list3<boost::_bi::value<boost::shared_ptr<libtorrent::http_connection> >, boost::arg<1>, boost::arg<2> > >, boost::system::error_code, unsigned long> >::do_call () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#18 0x00007f78542fd31f in boost::asio::detail::task_io_service<boost::asio::detail::epoll_reactor<false> >::do_one () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#19 0x00007f78542fd46b in boost::asio::detail::task_io_service<boost::asio::detail::epoll_reactor<false> >::run () from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#20 0x00007f7854326f72 in libtorrent::aux::session_impl::operator() ()
   from /usr/lib64/libtorrent-rasterbar.so.2
No symbol table info available.
#21 0x00007f78517b489d in thread_proxy ()
   from /usr/lib64/libboost_thread-mt.so.1.36.0
No symbol table info available.
#22 0x00007f7853a54fb7 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
No symbol table info available.
#23 0x00007f7851e9378d in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
No symbol table info available.