We've encountered this as well with 5.6.26-74.0-1.trusty. This Percona was configured as slave. We've also seen the errors on standalone instances with the same version. In all cases a rollback to version 5.6.25-73.1-1.trusty solved the problem (Percona starts without problems).

The errors after the upgrade:

Normal shutdown after package upgrade (5.6.25-73.1-1.trusty -> 5.6.26-74.0-1.trusty):
2015-09-24 04:36:01 2849 [Note] Giving 6 client threads a chance to die gracefully
2015-09-24 04:36:01 2849 [Note] Event Scheduler: Purging the queue. 0 events
2015-09-24 04:36:01 2849 [Note] Shutting down slave threads
2015-09-24 04:36:01 2849 [Note] Error reading relay log event: slave SQL thread was killed
2015-09-24 04:36:01 2849 [ERROR] Error reading packet from server: Lost connection to MySQL server during query ( server_errno=2013)
2015-09-24 04:36:01 2849 [Note] Slave I/O thread killed while reading event
2015-09-24 04:36:01 2849 [Note] Slave I/O thread exiting, read up to log 'binlog.000891', position 670357433
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Forcefully disconnecting 1 remaining clients
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Warning] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Forcing close of thread 1928716  user: 'level23'

2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Binlog end
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'partition'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ARCHIVE'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'BLACKHOLE'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CHANGED_PAGES'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FIELDS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_INDEXES'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLES'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_CONFIG'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DELETED'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_METRICS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_RESET'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCK_WAITS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCKS'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TRX'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'XTRADB_RSEG'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'XTRADB_INTERNAL_HASH_TABLES'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'XTRADB_READ_VIEW'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'InnoDB'
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-09-24 04:36:11 2849 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-09-24 04:36:11 7ef8b7ff8700 InnoDB: Dumping buffer pool(s) to .//ib_buffer_pool
2015-09-24 04:36:12 7ef8b7ff8700 InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) dump completed at 150924  4:36:12
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 6657364619218
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MRG_MYISAM'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'CSV'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MEMORY'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_old_password'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'binlog'
2015-09-24 04:36:18 2849 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

Startup with 5.6.26-74.0-1.trusty

150924 04:36:18 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
2015-09-24 04:36:26 7f858316b780 InnoDB: Warning: Using innodb_additional_mem_pool_size is DEPRECATED. This option may be removed in future releases, together with the option innodb_use_sys_malloc and with the InnoDB's internal memory allocator.
2015-09-24 04:36:26 7f858316b780 InnoDB: Warning: Using innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog is DEPRECATED. This option may be removed in future releases. Please use READ COMMITTED transaction isolation level instead, see http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/set-transaction.html.
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-09-24 04:36:26 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 40.0G
2015-09-24 04:36:29 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-09-24 04:36:29 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2015-09-24 04:36:29 24729 [Note] InnoDB: starting tracking changed pages from LSN 6657364619218

2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] InnoDB:  Percona XtraDB (http://www.percona.com) 5.6.26-74.0 started; log sequence number 6657364619218
2015-09-24 04:36:30 7f7afcc78700 InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from .//ib_buffer_pool
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Warning] Bootstrap mode disables GTIDs. Bootstrap mode should only be used by mysql_install_db which initializes the MySQL data directory and creates system tables.
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] Binlog end
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-09-24 04:36:30 24729 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-09-24 04:36:30 7f7afcc78700 InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 150924  4:36:30 (.//ib_buffer_pool was empty)
2015-09-24 04:36:30 7f7afcc78700 InnoDB: Dumping buffer pool(s) to .//ib_buffer_pool
2015-09-24 04:36:30 7f7afcc78700 InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) dump completed at 150924  4:36:30
2015-09-24 04:36:31 7f7ad75fa700 InnoDB: Error: Write to file ./ib_modified_log_1311_6657364619218.xdb failed at offset 0.
InnoDB: 4096 bytes should have been written, only 0 were written.
InnoDB: Operating system error number 22.
InnoDB: Check that your OS and file system support files of this size.
InnoDB: Check also that the disk is not full or a disk quota exceeded.
InnoDB: Error number 22 means 'Invalid argument'.
InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at
InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html
2015-09-24 04:36:31 7f7ad75fa700  InnoDB: Operating system error number 22 in a file operation.
InnoDB: Error number 22 means 'Invalid argument'.
InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at
InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html