Desktop background and UI is glitching out/checkerboard

[Jeb E.]

The desktop background and other small UI pieces that I click on or I change are all appearing to "glitch out" or turn into checkerboard artifacts in my new Ubuntu 19.10 installation.
This most recent one happened as soon as I attempted to change my desktop background through the System Settings.

See the attached screenshot for an example of the problem.

ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 19.10
Package: ubuntu-desktop 1.440
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 5.3.0-24.26-generic 5.3.10
Uname: Linux 5.3.0-24-generic x86_64
NonfreeKernelModules: zfs zunicode zavl icp zcommon znvpair
ApportVersion: 2.20.11-0ubuntu8.2
Architecture: amd64
CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
Date: Mon Dec 9 11:13:02 2019
InstallationDate: Installed on 2019-12-08 (1 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 19.10 "Eoan Ermine" - Release amd64 (20191017)
ProcEnviron:
 PATH=(custom, no user)
 XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=<set>
 LANG=en_US.UTF-8
 SHELL=/bin/bash
SourcePackage: ubuntu-meta
UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)