package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic 4.4.0-75.96 failed to install/upgrade: package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic is already installed and configured

[José Miguel Acosta Martín]

Error occurred while installing updates

ProblemType: Package
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 16.04
Package: linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic 4.4.0-75.96
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.4.0-72.93-generic 4.4.49
Uname: Linux 4.4.0-72-generic x86_64
NonfreeKernelModules: nvidia_uvm nvidia_drm nvidia_modeset nvidia
ApportVersion: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.5
AptdaemonVersion: 1.1.1+bzr982-0ubuntu14
Architecture: amd64
AudioDevicesInUse:
 USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0p: jose 1949 F...m pulseaudio
 /dev/snd/controlC0: jose 1949 F.... pulseaudio
Date: Tue Apr 25 18:04:56 2017
DuplicateSignature:
 package:linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic:4.4.0-75.96
 Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
 dpkg: error processing package linux-image-4.4.0-75-generic (--configure):
  package linux-image-4.4.0-75-generic is already installed and configured
ErrorMessage: package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic is already installed and configured
HibernationDevice: RESUME=UUID=85326616-559d-4e1e-8586-28653fce0f17
InstallationDate: Installed on 2016-11-24 (152 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS "Xenial Xerus" - Release amd64 (20160719)
Lsusb:
 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
 Bus 001 Device 006: ID 13fe:1d00 Kingston Technology Company Inc. DataTraveler 2.0 1GB/4GB Flash Drive / Patriot Xporter 4GB Flash Drive
 Bus 001 Device 003: ID 04f2:b424 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
 Bus 001 Device 002: ID 04b4:0060 Cypress Semiconductor Corp. Wireless optical mouse
 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
MachineType: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. GL552VW
ProcFB: 0 inteldrmfb
ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-72-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=4097b0f5-6e85-4c22-802e-4a535976e012 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7
PulseList: Error: command ['pacmd', 'list'] failed with exit code 1: No PulseAudio daemon running, or not running as session daemon.
RelatedPackageVersions: grub-pc N/A
SourcePackage: dpkg
Title: package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic 4.4.0-75.96 failed to install/upgrade: package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic is already installed and configured
UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)
dmi.bios.date: 03/16/2016
dmi.bios.vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
dmi.bios.version: GL552VW.218
dmi.board.asset.tag: ATN12345678901234567
dmi.board.name: GL552VW
dmi.board.vendor: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC.
dmi.board.version: 1.0
dmi.chassis.asset.tag: ATN12345678901234567
dmi.chassis.type: 10
dmi.chassis.vendor: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC.
dmi.chassis.version: 1.0
dmi.modalias: dmi:bvnAmericanMegatrendsInc.:bvrGL552VW.218:bd03/16/2016:svnASUSTeKCOMPUTERINC.:pnGL552VW:pvr1.0:rvnASUSTeKCOMPUTERINC.:rnGL552VW:rvr1.0:cvnASUSTeKCOMPUTERINC.:ct10:cvr1.0:
dmi.product.name: GL552VW
dmi.product.version: 1.0
dmi.sys.vendor: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC.

[Launchpad Janitor (janitor)]

Status changed to 'Confirmed' because the bug affects multiple users.

[Unregistered (tick.duck-deactivatedaccount)]

My status for this error:
- installed Ubuntu about one week ago
- did all updates
- installed some programs
  not in official packages:
  - steam
  - minetest
  - minecraft
  - wine
  - teejee2008 (don't even know why this is added)
- since today, I can't start Ubuntu "Linux 4.8.0-49-generic", I have to choose start options for Ubuntu and then choose the version "Linux 4.8.0-46-generic", otherwise I get this error:
"Kernel Offset" - "end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs or unknown-block"

Apart from everything one learns through installing Debian on a Raspberry Pi, I'm a total beginner of any sort of Unix. So if you need any additional information from me, I'm afraid you will have to provide a step by step manual for how to receive it.