On a fresh installation of Ubuntu (14.04) or Elementary (Freya) with a non-english localization, e.g. German, the templates directory ~/Vorlagen is created automatically (hint: 'Vorlagen' is the German word for 'templates'). However, if any files are put in this directory, Pantheon files doesn't offer them in its "New" context menu. Still, they do appear in this menu, if they are put into a manually created ~/Templates directory, which isn't there out-of-the-box. This is a non-intuitive behaviour. I suggest that Pantheon files should consult the localized templates directory which already exists on every installation of an Ubuntu-based operating system and Elementary OS in particular.
Agreed - this should not depend on locality.